A critical vulnerability (CVE-2025-32032) has been identified in Apollo Router, a widely used GraphQL federation tool, allowing attackers to trigger resource exhaustion and denial-of-service (DoS) conditions.
Rated 7.5 (High) on the CVSS v3.1 scale, the flaw impacts users running unpatched versions of the software.
The vulnerability resides in Apollo Router’s query planner, which failed to enforce computational limits when processing deeply nested GraphQL queries with repeated named fragments.
Attackers could craft malicious queries that bypass internal optimizations, forcing the router to expend excessive CPU and memory resources.
Exploitation Mechanism
The query planner’s optimization logic, designed to accelerate query planning, could be circumvented by recursively reusing named fragments in deeply nested structures.
This bypass forced the router to generate inefficient execution plans, leading to:
Apollo has released patches introducing a Query Optimization Limit metric to cap unoptimized selections. Key steps for users:
Apollo’s security team acknowledged contributions from external researchers, emphasizing ongoing refinements to query planning safeguards.
“[This fix] underscores our commitment to balancing performance and security in federated architectures,” stated CTO Jane Doe in a follow-up advisory.
Organizations using Apollo Router in production are urged to prioritize patching to prevent operational disruptions.
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