The latest research unveiled the JavaScript-based droppers, which deliver Bumblebee and IcedID malware instead of PowerShell-based droppers.
These two malware types are significantly related to ransomware attacks.
Bumblebee is a modular loader, distributed primarily through phishing, used to deliver payloads commonly associated with ransomware deployments.
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IcedID is a modular banking trojan that targets user financial information and can act as a dropper for other malware. It uses a man-in-the-browser attack to steal financial information, including login credentials for online banking sessions.
The significant change in Bumblebee and IcedId from a PowerShell-based loader to a javascript-based loader and from a banking trojan to a malware loader shows how the threat actors establish their TTPs to evade detection.
PindOS JavaScript Technical Analysis
According to Deep Instinct’s Threat Research Lab report, the dropper contains comments in Russian. It employs the unique user-agent string “PindOS”, which may be a reference to current (and past) anti-American sentiment in Russia.
The dropper consists of a single function, “exec,” which gets four parameters.
- “UserAgent”: The user-agent string to be used when downloading Bumblebee’s.DLL
- “URL1”: First address to download from
- “URL2”: Second address to download from
- “RunDLL”: Payload DLL-exported function to call
When executed, the dropper will attempt to download the payload initially from URL1 and execute it by calling on the specified export directly via rundll32.exe.
If this fails, the dropper will attempt to download the payload from URL2 and execute it using a combination of PowerShell and rundll32.exe.
The downloaded payload is saved to %appdata%/Microsoft/Templates/<6-char-random-number>.dat
When comparing the old Bumblebee DLL with the new variant, both have the same main function, “set path”.
Additionally, it includes “legitimate-looking” strings taken from the FFmpeg open-source project’s “error.c” file and a few other files from the same project for distraction purposes.
The new variant has four main export functions, unlike the older variant, which had two.
The retrieved payloads are generated pseudo-randomly “on demand,” which results in a new sample hash each time a payload is fetched to reduce the risk of detection.
As Bumblebee and IcedID are known to deliver ransomware, we recommend that security teams take note of these IOCs—updated IOCs from Deep Instinct’s GitHub page.
IOCs
- Bumblebee.JS dropper SHA256
bcd9b7d4ca83e96704e00e378728db06291e8e2b50d68db22efd1f8974d1ca91
07d2cb0dc0cd353fb210b065733743078e79c4a27c42872cd516a6b1fb1f00d1
00ec8f3900336c7aeb31fef4d111ee6e33f12ad451bc5119d3e50ad80b2212b0
15da5b0a65dd8135273124da0c6e52e017e3b54642f87571e82d2314aae97eec
180a935383b39501c7bdf2745b3a334841f01a7df9d063fecca587b5cc3f5e7a - Bumblebee DLL payload: SHA256
24dd5c33b8a5136bdf29d0c07cf56ef0e33a285bb12696a8ff65e4065cb18359
76c9780256e195901e1c09cb8a37fb5967f9f5b36564e380e7cf2558652f875b
28c87170f2525fdecc4092fb347acd9b8350ed65e0fd584ce9fc001fd237d523
ac261ac26221505798c65c61a207f3951cc7dce2e1014409d8a765d85bfd91d4
- IcedID.JS dropper SHA256
92506fe773db7472e7782dbb5403548323e65a9eb2e4c15f9ac65ee6c4bd908b
c84c84387f0b9e7bc575a008f36919448b4e6645e1f5d054e20b59be726ee814
7355656f894ae26215f979b953c8fa237dc39af857a6b27754a93adb1823f3b6
8f40ff286419eb4b0c4d15710dc552afb2c2a227a180f4b4f520d09b05724151 - IcedID DLL payload: SHA256
9101975f7aca998da796fc15a63b36ab8aa0fe0aed0b186aaed06a3383d5f226
4f0c9c6fc1287ef16f4683db90dd677054a1f834594494d61d765fa3f2e1352c
cb307d7fa6eaac6a975ad64ff966ff6b0b0fdd59109246c2f6f5e8d50a33e93c
361b0157ef63d362fdd4399288f5f6a0e1536633dfb49c808a3590718c4d8f10
e71c9ac9ddd55b485e636840da150db5cd2791d0681123457bd40623acd8311c
8ae3be9f09f5fc64ec898a4d6467b2f6e50eaaa26fc460a4f1a9b9566e97a9a7
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