Researchers discovered a new campaign delivering DarkGate and PikaBot that employs strategies similar to those employed in QakBot phishing attempts.
This operation sends out a large number of emails to a variety of industries, and because the malware transmitted has loader capabilities, recipients may be vulnerable to more complex threats such as reconnaissance malware and ransomware.
“These include hijacked email threads as the initial infection, URLs with unique patterns that limit user access, and an infection chain nearly identical to what we have seen with QakBot delivery,” Cofense Intelligence stated in a report shared with Cyber Security News.
Infection Chain
The tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) used in this campaign make it a high-level threat because they allow phishing emails to reach their targeted targets, and the malware they distribute has sophisticated capabilities.
A hijacked email thread is used at the start of the campaign to trick customers into visiting a malicious URL with further layers. This restricts access to the malicious payload to users who match certain criteria provided by the threat actors (location and web browser).
This URL downloads a ZIP archive containing a JS file known as a JS Dropper, a JavaScript program that connects to another URL to download and execute malware. At this point, the DarkGate or PikaBot malware has successfully infected a victim.
The most prominent feature of these malware families is their ability to deliver additional payloads once they are successfully planted on a user’s PC.
Advanced crypto mining software, reconnaissance tools, ransomware, or any other malicious file the threat actors choose to install on a victim’s computer might be delivered via a successful DarkGate or PikaBot infection.
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“Threat actors disseminate the phishing emails through hijacked email threads that may be obtained from Microsoft ProxyLogon attacks (CVE-2021-26855). This is vulnerability on the Microsoft Exchange Server that allows threat actors to bypass authentication and impersonate admins”, researchers explain.
The email’s malicious URL has a distinct pattern similar to those found in QakBot phishing attacks. Threat actors have added layers to these URLs to restrict access to the malicious file they are delivering, making them more sophisticated than your typical phishing URL.
Hence, employees should be aware that this kind of threat exists, as the campaign’s threat actors have skills that go beyond those of a typical phisher.
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