A recent surge in Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) exploitation has been detected by GreyNoise, highlighting the ongoing threat posed by these vulnerabilities.
GreyNoise observed a coordinated increase in SSRF attacks, with at least 400 unique IPs actively exploiting multiple SSRF-related CVEs simultaneously.
This pattern suggests structured exploitation, possibly involving automation or pre-compromise intelligence gathering, rather than the typical noise from botnets.
SSRF Exploitation Trends and Implications
SSRF vulnerabilities are particularly appealing to attackers because they can be used for cloud exploitation, network reconnaissance, and pivoting.
By exploiting SSRF, attackers can access internal metadata APIs in cloud services, map internal networks, locate vulnerable services, and steal cloud credentials.
The recent surge in SSRF exploitation is reminiscent of historical breaches, such as the 2019 Capital One breach, where SSRF vulnerabilities played a critical role in exposing over 100 million records.
The targeted CVEs include vulnerabilities in widely used platforms like the Zimbra Collaboration Suite, GitLab CE/EE, VMware Workspace ONE UEM, and VMware vCenter, among others.
Notably, many of the same IPs are targeting multiple SSRF vulnerabilities, indicating a strategic approach rather than focusing on a single known vulnerability.
The top countries receiving SSRF exploitation attempts during this surge were the United States, Germany, Singapore, India, and Japan, with Israel seeing activity as early as January.
Recommendations for Defenders
According to the Report, To mitigate these threats, organizations should take immediate action.
This includes patching and hardening affected systems by reviewing and applying patches for the targeted CVEs.
Restricting outbound access from internal applications to only necessary endpoints can also help limit the potential damage.
Additionally, setting up alerts for unexpected outbound requests can aid in early detection of SSRF exploitation attempts.
Utilizing services like GreyNoise to block malicious IPs associated with these CVEs is also recommended.
By taking these proactive measures, organizations can significantly reduce their exposure to SSRF attacks.
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